Cellular Voltage-Frequency Model

E = hf at the Cellular Scale — The Unified Lewis Framework

E = hf → Cell Energy ∝ Cell Frequency

Oscillation Frequency

⚡ Cell Parameters

Membrane Potential -70 mV
-100mV -55mV -10mV

Cell State

Healthy

📊 E = hf Calculations

Membrane Voltage (V) -70 mV
Normalized Frequency (f) 70 Hz
h (Planck constant) 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s
Cell Energy (E = hf) 4.64 × 10⁻³² J
Relative Energy 100%

📚 The Science

Dr. Otto Warburg (Nobel Prize, 1931) discovered that healthy cells maintain -70 to -100 mV, while cancer cells drop to -15 to -20 mV.

Higher voltage = Higher frequency = Higher energy = Better cellular function.

This directly demonstrates E = hf at the cellular scale.

Sources: Warburg, Lakhovsky, Becker, modern biophysics research

✨ Healthy Cell (-70mV)

f = 70 Hz

E = 4.64 × 10⁻³² J

100% Energy

⚠️ Diseased Cell (-20mV)

f = 20 Hz

E = 1.33 × 10⁻³² J

28.5% Energy